Search results for "microbial diversity"
showing 10 items of 45 documents
PCR-DGGE fingerprints of microbial succession during a manufacture of traditional water buffalo mozzarella cheese.
2004
D . E R C O L I N I , G . M A U R I E L L O , G . B L A I O T T A , G . M O S C H E T T I A N D S . C O P P O L A . 2003. Aims: To monitor the process and the starter effectiveness recording a series of fingerprints of the microbial diversity occurring at different steps of mozzarella cheese manufacture and to investigate the involvement of the natural starter to the achievement of the final product. Methods and Results: Samples of raw milk, natural whey culture (NWC) used as starter, curd after ripening and final product were collected during a mozzarella cheese manufacture. Total microbial DNA was directly extracted from the dairy samples as well as bulk colonies collected from the plates…
Nitrogen cycling microbial communities: from diversity to interactions and functions
2019
Soil microorganisms form one of the largest biodiversity reservoirs on earth. They also play essential roles in ecosystem functions such as biogeochemical cycling. However, the importance of microbial community diversity and composition for ecosystem functioning is still debated. A sound understanding of the ecological processes governing the assembly of these communities in the environment is also missing. In this talk, I will give examples of how we addressed these knowledge gaps using nitrogen cycling microorganisms as model functional guilds. Nitrogen is the most limiting nutrient for crop production in agriculture. The nitrogen cycle is also one which was pushed by human activities out…
Microbial Diversity in the Midguts of Field and Lab-Reared Populations of the European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis
2011
Background: Insects are associated with microorganisms that contribute to the digestion and processing of nutrients. The European Corn Borer (ECB) is a moth present world-wide, causing severe economical damage as a pest on corn and other crops. In the present work, we give a detailed view of the complexity of the microorganisms forming the ECB midgut microbiota with the objective of comparing the biodiversity of the midgut-associated microbiota and explore their potential as a source of genes and enzymes with biotechnological applications. Methodological/Principal Findings: A high-throughput sequencing approach has been used to identify bacterial species, genes and metabolic pathways, parti…
Dynamique de la communauté microbienne de sols tropicaux suite à une application répétée de fertilisants organiques et minéraux
2019
Organic waste products (OWP) with NPK mineral fertilization are known to have an impact on soil microbial communities. However, dynamic of these communities following a repeated OWP and NPK application has not been well described. In the present study, this dynamic was observed on soil sampled at the La Mare (La Réunion) field experiment, which was set up in 2013. This experiment includes control plot (without organic input, but mineral fertilization) and several plots receiving different types of OWP coupled with NPK fertilization. Physico-chemical parameters were measured on soils and OWPs (2013 to 2017). Soil microbial biomass (from 2013 to 2018) and the structure of microbial community …
Baseline Gut Microbiota Composition Is Associated With Schistosoma mansoni Infection Burden in Rodent Models
2020
In spite of growing evidence supporting the occurrence of complex interactions between Schistosoma and gut bacteria in mice and humans, no data is yet available on whether worm-mediated changes in microbiota composition are dependent on the baseline gut microbial profile of the vertebrate host. In addition, the impact of such changes on the susceptibility to, and pathophysiology of, schistosomiasis remains largely unexplored. In this study, mice colonized with gut microbial populations from a human donor (HMA mice), as well as microbiota-wild type (WT) animals, were infected with Schistosoma mansoni, and alterations of their gut microbial profiles at 50 days post-infection were compared to …
Diversité microbienne des sols : stratégie méthodologique, distribution spatiale et traduction en fonctionnement biologique
2011
International audience; Since the development of industrialization, urbanization and agriculture, soils have been subjected to numerous variations in environmental conditions, which have resulted in modifications of the taxonomic diversity and functioning of the indigenous microbial communities. As a consequence, the functional significance of these losses/modifications of biodiversity, in terms of the capacity of ecosystems to maintain the functions and services on which humanity depends, is now of pivotal importance. In this context, one of the main challenges in soil microbial ecology is to better understand and predict the processes that drive soil microbial diversity and the link betwe…
Bacterial diversity in soils vulnerable to desertification
2019
Introduction Mediterranean soils are experiencing increasingly negative effects of climate change due to drought and extreme weather phenomena that negatively affect agriculture, already suffering social and economic constraints. The soil microbiota is recognized as key player in both diversity and productivity of terrestrial ecosystems and it is mandatory to include its role in sustainable agronomic management. The LIFE Project DESERT-ADAPT - Preparing desertification areas for increased climate change - (http://www.desert-adapt.it/) focuses on agricultural adaptation measures aimed at reverting ongoing desertification trends (while improving the socioeconomic conditions of farmers). In or…
Corrigendum to Soil microbial biomass and bacterial diversity in southern European regions vulnerable to desertification [Ecol. Indicat. 145 (2022) 1…
2023
The authors regret the incorrect publication of legend for Table 1 and Table 3 in black/white in the original article. The complete legend for Table 1 and Table 3 with colours, indicating degree of significance, are presented below.
Evaluation of microbial diversity during the manufacture of Fior di Latte di Agerola, a traditional raw milk pasta-filata cheese of the Naples area
2006
Microbial diversity of the raw milk for the production of Fior di Latte di Agerola and its changes during cheesemaking were studied. Viable counts showed that at the end of curd ripening, loads of lactic acid bacteria, both mesophilic and thermophilic rods and cocci, higher than those commonly evidenced in similar cheeses produced by using natural or commercial starters, were detected. Identification of 272 isolates, supported by molecular diagnostic aids, evidenced representative cultures of a high number of bacterial taxa of interest as participating in the process, although most of the isolates belonged to Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus helveticus species. RAPD-PCR and REA-PFGE bio…
Soil microbial diversity has an impact on plant diversity and safeguard
2015
Diversity of microbial plant symbionts has an impact on plant diversity. Examples are given for Mediterranean species.